England

Bro-Saoz

Northumberland

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* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

Définition : commune d'Angleterre; comté de Northumberland;. Ancienne forteresse CILURNUM du Mur d'Hadrien.

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Hadrian's Wall.

Forteresse romaine du Mur d'Hadrien, côté centre-est, entre Onnum / Halton et Brocolitia / Carrawburgh, sur la North Tyne.

Elle a reçu en garnison au IIIè siècle la Ala II Asturum ( = Deuxième aile de cavalerie asturienne) (RIB 1463-65, 1480)

* Rivet & Smith, Place-Names of Roman Britain, p 308 : 

- Ravenna, 107-26 : CELUNNO; variante CELUMNO.

- Notitia Dignitatum, XL38 : Praefectus alae secundae Asturum, CILURNO.

DERIVATION. Williams explains the name by citing Irish cilorn, Old Welsh cilurnn, Welsh celwrn 'bucket, pail', in older usage more of a cauldron able to hold four gallons. See Holder I. 1015 and Pokorny 555; the British word was presumably *cilurno-. The name seems to refer to a natural feature, a 'cauldron pool' of the North Tyne river or 'a large deep natural pool known as "The Inglepool"' (R&C) near the fort, this name having been transferred to the fort. It has been held that the name survives in nearby Chollerford, Chollerton, but there are no Anglo-Saxon forms to help us, and Ekwall has other explanations which seem more satisfactory.

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman fort at Chesters, Northumberland (NY 9170), beside the North Tyne, whose third-century garrison was the Ala II Asturium (RIB 1463-65, 1480).
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Explication : à partit d'une racine celtique *cilurno-, que l'on retrouve en irlandais : cilorn, en Vieux-gallois cilurn, en gallois celwrn, en breton kelorn. dont la signification est "seau, baquet", et qui désignerait ici une " étendue d'eau située dans une dépression naturelle large ou profonde".

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* Eilert Ekwall,  (Ed.1936-1980), Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names :

- Scytlescester, 1104-8 SD; OE ceaster 'fort'. Scytles- may be the gen. of a pers. n. *Scyttel, but the scyttels found in Shuttleworth is more likely. The old fort may have been used as an enclosure for animals".

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Sources :

* Ordnance Survey : 

1 - Roman Britain.

2 - Hadrian's Wall. Two inches to one mile. 1964.

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names.

* A.L.F RIVET & C. SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1979-1982

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