England

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Leicestershire

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

Définition : ville d'Angleterre; comté de Leicestershire. 

Contient le village de High Cross, correspondant à un ancien établissement romain Venonis.

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

Histoire :

Venonae se trouve au croisement des deux grandes routes principales romaines d'origine : la Fosse Way, d'Exeter à Lincoln, et l'Ermine Street, de Canterbury - Londres à Chester.

C'est un carrefour d'une extrême importance stratégique. Son nom anglais en est d'ailleurs la meilleure illustration.

Étymologie : 

A. Venonis : 

* Rivet & Smith, Place-Names of Roman Britain, p 491, 492 : 

SOURCES

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 470₄ (Iter II) : VENONIS

-  Itinéraire d'Antonin, 477₃ (Iter VI) : VENONIS

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 479₄ (Iter VIII) : VENNONIS

DERIVATION. For locative -is, see ANICETIS. For the base *ueni-, see the previous entry. In the present name an older semantic content may survive in addition to senses listed there; Jackson in Britannia, I, 1970), 80, says that 'Interpretations of this sort [i.e. "family, kindred"] could only apply to Venonis if we assume a goddess-name *Uenona, something like "the lovable one", used as a river-name and, with formative suffix, this applied to a town, perhaps *Uenonion.' He adds that this is 'very hazardous', presumably because of the lack of analogies among place-names and lack of evidence for such a divine name. For *-on(o)-, see BREMETENACUM. The name does not seem to have *-on-io-n as Jackson suggests, for that would be represented as latinised -onium as in other cases (see CANONIUM). As for the sense, we cannot suppose a river-name, for there is no river at the site, and we hardly need to suppose a divine name either; perhaps simply 'place of the family / tribe is intended.

IDENTIFICATION : The Roman settlement at High Cross, Shernford, Leicestershire".

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B. High Cross : grand carrefour.

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C. Sharnford : 

* Eilert Ekwall : "Scearnford, 1002, Wills, 1004 HCD 710; Scerneforde DB. "Muddy brook and ford', "

* A.C Mills (2003) : "Scearnford, 1002; Scerneforde, 1086 DB. 'Dirty or muddy ford'. OE scearn + ford"

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Obersvation JCE : Les deux étymologistes (dont le deuxième copie le premier), donnent une explication à partit d'un ruisseau ou d'un gué 'boueux / fangeux', alors que R & S disent qu'il n'y a pas de rivière ni ruisseau : "for there is no river at the site".

Sources : 

* Ordnance survey : Map of Roman Britain. 1956.

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names. Clarendon Press. Edition 1980.

* ALF RIVET & C. SMITH : Place-names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1979; Édition 1982.

* A.D MILLS : Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. 1991. 2003

Liens électroniques des autres sites traitant de l'île de Sharnford / Venonis :   

* lien communal : 

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

hast buan, ma mignonig vas vite, mon petit ami

go fast, my little friend