Encyclopédie Marikavel-Jean-Claude-EVEN/Encyclopaedia/Enciclopedia/Enzyklopädie/egkuklopaideia

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Noms de lieux

Noms de personnes

England

Bro-Saoz

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Wiltshire

Amesbury

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* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

 dernière mise à jour 02/06/2012 17:37:34

Définition : commune d'Angleterre; comté de Wiltshire. 

Dans le roman La Morte d'Arthur est notée une ville Almesbury, où la reine Guenièvre se serait retirée dans un couvent, après la mort d'Arthur. 

i

 

Histoire : (en préparation)

Armoiries; blason : 

 

Étymologie : 

A. DUROCORNOVIUM : 

* Rivet & Smith, p. 350

SOURCE

- AI 4855 (Iter xiii) : DUROCORNOVIO

DERIVATION. For the first element, see DUROBRIVAE1; for the second, CORNOVII1. The sense is evidently 'fort of the Cornovii people'. The place is distinct from Durocornovium2 in the far south-west, even though Holder thought they were the same. We presumably have here a case in which a Duro- name does refer to a native, not a Roman fort, since latinised Durocornovium is virtually a transliteration of British *Durocornouiion ; had the name been a new post-Conquest one, we might have anticipated *Durocornoviorum, but for neither name do our sources suggest this. The pattern Duro- plus tribal name seems to be rare, but compare Durocatalauni in Gaul (*Catalaunis > Châlons-sur-Marne, France).

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman settlement at Nythe Farm,Wanborough,Wiltshire (SU 1985). Though some Neronian terra sigillata has been found, excavation has not revealed an early Roman fort, and the nearest major Iron Age seulement is at Liddington Castle, 3 1/2 miles to the south. On the second element of the name see the note under Cornovii2.

B. Wanborough : 

* Eilert Ekwall : (aet) Wenbeorgan, Waenbeorgon, 854; (aet) Wenbeorgan, c 1050 BCS 477 ff;  Wemberge, DB; Wamberga, 1178 P; Wanberge, 1205 Cur.

 " The first element is obscure. The most trustworthy form is (aet) Waenbeorgon BCS 478, which is in an original charter. Waen- looks like a form of OE waegn 'wain, wagon', but it is not easy to see that a compound waegnbeorg could mean. Cf. however, Wagenberg 1137 in Germany. The second element is OE beorg 'hill'. The place is situated on Ermine Street a considerable hill, called Wenbeprg 854 BCS 477".  Traduction en attente de vérification, car il semble qu'il y ait une confusion importante de noms de lieux chez Ekwall. En effet, la route appelée Ermine Street est celle qui relie Londres à Lincoln, à la verticale nord de Londres, et se trouve donc totalement hors et fort éloignée du site de DUROCORNOVIUM / Wandborough, dans le Wiltshire. .

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C. Nythe Farm : la ferme de Nythe (le sens de ce mot restant à déterminer).

Sources : 

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Clarendon Press. 1980.

* A.L.F Rivet & Colin SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd.  London. 1979.

Liens électroniques des sites Internet traitant de Wanborough / Amesbury : 

* lien communal : 

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

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