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La riviere Clyde
Clota
| page ouverte le 13.10.2005 | |
forum de discussion * forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica |
dernière mise à jour 24/03/2009 11:49:58 |
| Définition : rivière de Grande Bretagne, formée de la confluence des ruisseaux du Daer Water et du Potrail Water. Elle arrose Elvanfoot, Abington, Lanark, Motherwell, glasgow, Dunbarton, et donne naissance au Firth of Clyde, entre Greenock et l'île de Bute, après un parcours de 176 km environ. |
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Le bassin de la rivière Clyde. Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain. En vert : les sources des rivières alimentant la Clyde. |
| * M.N Bouillet (1863) : |
| Etymologie :
* Rivet & Smith (1979-1982) : - Tacite, Agricola, 23,3 : CLOTA. - Ptolemee, II,3,1 : Klwta Eiscuaria ( CLOTA AESTUARIUM); - I.M, 5091 : INSULA CLOTA IN HIVERIONE; (variante : GLOTA); - Ravenna, 1094 : CLED; The forms of IM and Ravenna have not been previously associated with this name by others who have shown a perhaps unwarranted trust in the accuracy of the texts. See, on the IM, p. 181. The compiler of this Itinerary will have taken his information from a map, since he places this item among others in mari oceano quod Gallias et Britannias interluit, surely a visual impression. The name of the Clyde would have been written on the map against its mouth, in such a way that it stretched across a very much narrowed Irish Sea and was associated with Ireland (in Hiverione) and also mistaken for an island. Ravenna similarly used a map-source, perhaps even a version of that used for IM, for it commits the same mistake of thinking the river an Irish one (though not an island); final -a of the name on the map was presumably lost because written against a coastline or other feature and hence unclear. It should be noted that mention of the Clyde is otherwise omitted from Ravenna, and is certainly to be expected. DERIVATION, dota rcpresents original British *Clouta, according to Watson CPNS 44 and 71; the root is *clou- 'to wash', cognate with Latin cluo, cluere 'wash, purify' and cloaca 'sewer'. Related names include an Italian river Cluentus and Gaulish river Clutoida, and Hispano-Latin personal names Clouta, Cloutius, etc. According to the Life of Gildas (quoted by Holder I. 189) the saint was a native of the Arecluta region, that 'before the Clyde'. Original British ou passed to o in the late first century A.D., when the name was first set down in the Latin tradition, then to u by the end of the third century; the Welsh name for the river is clut, the older Gaelic (from British) Cluad and the modem Cluaidh. Watson thinks that 'Like many other river-names, clota is really the name of the river-goddess, "the washer, the strongly-flowing one", or such'; this seems a necessary proposition particularly in view of the personal names, doubtless derived from the divine name rather than based directly on any root meaning 'to wash'. IDENTIFICATION. The river Clyde, Scotland ------------ Explication : "la rivière purificatrice", ou "la rivière de la déesse Clota : la Purificatrice". La Clota / Clyde a donne son nom à la région du Strathclyde < Strata Clota = route de la Clyde (du Mur d'Hadrien en direction du Mur d'Antonin, à l'ouest, vers Glasgow / Arecluta. ***** |
| Bibliographie :
* M.N Bouillet : Dictionnaire Universel d'histoire et de géographie. Hachette. 1863. * A.L.F Rivet & Colin Smith : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. B.T Batsford Ltd. London. 1979. Edition 1982. |
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Autres liens traitant de la Clyde : * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Clyde * http://www.clyderiverfoundation.org/ * http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9024485/River-Clyde hast buan, ma mignonig go fast, my little friend |
